Vitamin D and disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis patients: a retrospective study in a Romanian cohort

Abstract

Background. The relationship between the serum levels of Vitamin D and the severity of RA is a subject of great interest for the future therapeutic strategies. Although the evidence on the relationship between hypovitaminosis D and early RA is contradictory, preliminary data suggest that the serum levels of vitamin D are inversely associated with the disease activity. Aim: the main objectives of this study include: (1) to analyze the serum levels of vitamin D in patients with RA in comparison to healthy controls; (2) to investigatea possible correlation with disease activity. Materials and Methods. This was a retrospective, comparative study conducted on 37 subjects suffering from RA and a group of 21 healthy matched controls. The following were determined in all studied subjects: erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), white blood cells (WBC), hemoglobin (Hb), platelets (PLT), serum calcium (Ca), serum phosphorus (Phos), and serum 25 hydroxy-vitamin D. Moreover, in the RA group the IgM-Rhematoid Factor (RF) and anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA) (immune-enzymatic method) were assessed. The Disease Activity Score of 28 joints (DAS28) was calculated for the RA patients. Results. We observed that vitamin D deficiency is more common in RA patients than in healthy controls. No significant correlation between 25OHvitD and DAS28-ESR was found in our study cohort. Conclusions. There is no significant association of serum 25(OH)D with disease severity in a Western Romanian cohort with RA. However, this result could have implications for the disease management, as patients with RA could be supplemented with vitamin D even in the absence of disease activity.