Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide inhibits the proliferation of leukemic cells through apoptosis

Mingxing  Zhong; Jiwei   Huang; Pingxiang   Mao; Chengming  He; Dongmei  Yuan; Changkun   Chen; Haiying Zhang; Jing  Hu; Jingdong Zhang

doi:10.18388/abp.2020_6070

Mingxing Zhong Department of Hematology, Ganzhou People’s Hospital, Ganzhou, China
Jiwei Huang Department of Hematology, Ganzhou People’s Hospital, Ganzhou, China
Pingxiang Mao Laboratory Department, Yifeng County Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Yifeng, China
Chengming He Department of Hematology, Ganzhou People’s Hospital, Ganzhou, China
Dongmei Yuan Department of Hematology, Ganzhou People’s Hospital, Ganzhou, China
Changkun Chen Department of Hematology, Ganzhou People’s Hospital, Ganzhou, China
Haiying Zhang Department of Hematology, Ganzhou People’s Hospital, Ganzhou, China
Jing Hu Department of Hematology, Ganzhou People’s Hospital, Ganzhou, China
Jingdong Zhang Department of Hematology, Ganzhou People’s Hospital, Ganzhou, China https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3236-2754

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18388/abp.2020_6070

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the cytotoxic effect of polysaccharides derived from Ganoderma lucidum on T lymphocyte leukemia cells. Methods: Water-soluble polysaccharides were extracted from the fruit bodies of G. lucidum, purified, and characterized using HPGPC-MALLS and NMR. The cytotoxicity of G. lucidum polysaccharide fraction 5 (GLP5) to T lymphocyte leukemia cell line Jurkat and human immortalized epidermal cell line HaCat was assessed using MTT assay. Apoptosis was assessed using flow cytometry. Expressions of apoptosis-related genes in the cells after being exposed to GLP5 were detected using Western blot assay.
Results: GLP5 was a β-(1→3) and β-(1→6) linked glucan. It inhibited the proliferation of Jurkat cells in a concentration-dependent manner and the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) was 34.5 mg/L but did not suppress the growth of HaCat cells. Apoptotic cells in Jurkat cells were detected to increase with increasing GLP5 concentrations. The expression levels of cleaved caspase-3 were significantly higher after the cells were exposed to 25 and 50 mg/L GLP5 when compared to non-exposed cells (Control). In addition, the expression levels of BAX and Bcl2 were significantly up- and down-regulated after treatment with GLP5 at 25 and 50 mg/L when compared with control (P<0.05), respectively.
Conclusions: GLP5 has antiproliferative activity against Jurkat cells and the activity is likely mediated through the activation of apoptosis pathways.